Chinese mustard (Brassica juncea) is an annual or biennial herb in the Brassicaceae family.It is a famous local vegetable in China.The main and lateral roots of Chinese mustard are distributed in about 30 cm of soil, with a short stem.Leaves grow on the shortened stem, having shapes such as elliptical, ovate, inverted oval, and lanceolate.Leaf colors range from green to deep green, light green, yellow-green, green mixed with purple or dark red.Leaf surfaces can be smooth or wrinkled.Leaf margins are serrated or wavy, with entire edges or deeply or shallowly divided into different sizes.Flowers have a cross-shaped corolla, are yellow in color, and have four strong stamens; they are cross-pollinated but can also self-fertilize.Seeds are round or elliptical, with reddish-brown or red hues.China has an extremely rich variety of mustard cultivars for seed use, leaf use, stem use, sprout use, and root use.
