Sweet potato (scientific name: Ipomoea batatas), also known as yam sweet potato, sugarcane, mountain yam, ground yam, red taro, long taro, white yam, golden yam, sugar yam, crimson yam, and pillow yam.A common perennial dicotyledonous plant, herbaceous, with slender vines that creep along the ground.Roots, undergo anaerobic respiration producing lactic acid, skin color can be white or red, flesh is mostly off-white but also purple; in addition to consumption, it can be used for sugar production and brewing alcohol.